The U.S. Supreme Court on Friday upheld a law banning TikTok in the United States unless its Chinese parent company, ByteDance, sells the popular app. The decision, delivered unanimously, puts TikTok on course for a potential nationwide shutdown starting Jan. 19, just one day before Donald Trump’s presidential inauguration.

The ruling stems from a bipartisan law passed in 2023 over national security concerns about TikTok’s Chinese ownership and its ability to collect data on its 170 million U.S. users. Despite challenges from ByteDance and TikTok users, the Court determined that the law does not violate the First Amendment’s protections for free speech.

ByteDance has not yet divested from TikTok, leaving the app at risk of being banned. However, President-elect Trump has indicated that he may intervene to prevent the shutdown.

“My decision on TikTok will be made in the not-too-distant future,” Trump said on social media. The president-elect met with TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew last month and expressed a willingness to find a solution that allows the app to continue operating in the United States.

While the Biden administration has signaled it will not enforce the ban before leaving office, companies like Apple, Google, and Oracle—key service providers for TikTok—may face legal risks if they continue their partnerships without clarity from the government.

The law was driven by fears that TikTok’s Chinese ownership could allow Beijing to access sensitive data on American users for espionage, recruitment, and harassment. The Supreme Court echoed these concerns in its opinion, stating:

U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland praised the ruling, emphasizing the importance of protecting Americans’ data from “authoritarian regimes.”

TikTok’s looming ban has shocked its users, particularly content creators who rely on the platform for income. The potential shutdown also raises questions about the future of TikTok’s unique algorithm, its most valuable asset. Former Los Angeles Dodgers owner Frank McCourt has expressed interest in acquiring TikTok, valuing the app at $20 billion without its algorithm.

The Biden administration has left the next steps to the incoming Trump administration, with White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre reiterating that TikTok must be under American ownership to address national security concerns.

Trump may leverage his executive powers, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, to secure a deal for TikTok’s continued operation. Analysts believe Trump’s negotiation tactics could prompt ByteDance to sell, avoiding a ban.